Dalton, H. A., Musselwhite, D. S., Kiefer, W., & Treiman, A. H. (2005). Experimental petrology of the basaltic shergottite Yamato 980459: implications for the thermal structure of the Martian mantle.
This article is telling about an experiment done to synthetically recreate the Martian mantle material, Yamato 980459 (Y98) to learn more about the mineralogy and depth of the mantle source region on Mars. To conduct the experiment, they ground together carbonates and oxides with mortar and pestle, melted them entirely with a muffle furnace, and then reground it before putting it into a Quickpress non-end-loaded piston cylinder apparatus. The piston cylinder replicates the pressure and heat that would have been present to create the original Martian mantle rock. They determined that mantle temperatures must be greater than 2030 °C in order to create Y98.